Trying to Make Sense of Russia
I think it's fair to say that Czarist Russia was turning into a Universal State that the revolution narrowly avoided, and that the Soviet Union after this entered one of those "capital accumulation" stages which then invested this capital in industrialization to start a new s-curve, a Kroeberian reconstitution. A really elegant way to reinterpret the 19th–20th century Russian arc. Late‑imperial Russia had many of the symptoms: - A vast, overextended empire trying to hold together dozens of ethnicities through coercive integration. - A Dominant Minority (the landed aristocracy + autocracy) blocking reform and sabotaging productive modernization. - A militarized bureaucracy increasingly substituting for genuine social cohesion. - A legitimacy crisis where the old ideology (Orthodoxy–Autocracy–Nationality) no longer mobilized the population. - Attempts at “static unity” — Russification, secret police, censorship — classic Universal State behavior. But here’s the twist: That...